Horticulture Part 1
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Question No. 1
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What is the maximum advisable land slope for establishing an orchard?
A.
10%
B.
5%
C.
15%
D.
20%
Question No. 2
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Why might a southern slope be a beneficial choice for an orchard site?
A.
It minimizes water evaporation, reducing irrigation needs.
B.
It offers protection from strong prevailing winds.
C.
It promotes earlier flowering and crop production due to increased sun exposure.
D.
It helps in preventing certain soil-borne diseases.
Question No. 3
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Which of these fruit crops typically requires soil with high fertility?
A.
Phalsa
B.
Aonla
C.
Papaya
D.
Mango
Question No. 4
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For which fruit crop is a light soil texture particularly well-suited?
A.
Ber
B.
Mango
C.
Citrus
D.
Grape
Question No. 5
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What is the fundamental distinction between 'training' and 'pruning' in horticultural practices?
A.
Training focuses on removing roots, while pruning targets only shoots.
B.
Training shapes the plant to support a heavy crop, whereas pruning involves removing specific parts to enhance yield quality.
C.
Training is exclusively for mature plants, while pruning is for young plants.
D.
Training aims for aesthetic plant appearance, while pruning is solely for disease control.
Question No. 6
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Which training system is generally not recommended for areas experiencing high wind velocities, such as hot arid regions or high altitudes?
A.
Open center system
B.
Modified leadership system
C.
Center leader system
D.
Kniffin system
Question No. 7
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The 'Open center system' of plant training should be avoided in which environmental condition?
A.
High humidity regions
B.
Areas prone to frost
C.
Locations with consistently strong winds
D.
Highly fertile land
Question No. 8
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Among the various training systems, which one is widely accepted for commercial fruit production?
A.
Head system
B.
Open center system
C.
Center leader system
D.
Modified leadership system
Question No. 9
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The 'Kniffin' training system for grapevines is also known by what other name?
A.
6-canes system
B.
Simple system
C.
4-canes system
D.
Vigorous cultivar system
Question No. 10
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In the context of pruning, what is the primary objective of 'ringing' or 'girdling' a plant?
A.
To eliminate diseased branches.
B.
To encourage vigorous vegetative growth.
C.
To promote earlier fruiting by concentrating photosynthetic products.
D.
To manage the overall size of the plant.
Question No. 11
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For which fruit crop is the practice of 'notching' commonly employed?
A.
Grape
B.
Mango
C.
Fig
D.
Citrus
Question No. 12
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What is recognized as the simplest and most commonly adopted system for orchard layout?
A.
Rectangular system
B.
Hexagonal system
C.
Square system
D.
Quincunx system
Question No. 13
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How much more efficient is the hexagonal or equilateral triangle system in accommodating plants compared to the square system?
A.
10% more plants
B.
20% more plants
C.
15% more plants
D.
5% more plants
Question No. 14
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In the 'quincunx system' of orchard layout, what is the benefit of planting 'filler' plants?
A.
They serve as effective windbreaks for the main crop.
B.
They provide an additional source of income while the main orchard is not yet bearing fruit.
C.
They enhance soil fertility around the primary trees.
D.
They aid in attracting beneficial pollinators to the orchard.
Question No. 15
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Which planting system is particularly suited for orchard establishment in hilly terrain?
A.
Square system
B.
Rectangular system
C.
Contour system
D.
Triangular system
Question No. 16
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What is the primary commercial propagation method for Grape?
A.
Air layering
B.
Hardwood cutting
C.
T-budding
D.
Stooling
Question No. 17
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What is the main commercial propagation method used for Litchi?
A.
Seeds
B.
Softwood cutting
C.
Air layering/Gootee
D.
Sword sucker
Question No. 18
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Which commercial propagation method is characteristic for Banana?
A.
Pineapple slips
B.
Strawberry runners
C.
Sword sucker
D.
Date palm offshoot
Question No. 19
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What is the common propagation method for Aonla?
A.
Ring & T-budding
B.
Patch budding/Seed
C.
T-budding/Patch
D.
Inarching
Question No. 20
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When is pruning typically initiated in a plant's life cycle?
A.
Immediately after its initial planting.
B.
During its early seedling stage.
C.
In its later stages, once it begins to produce fruits and flowers.
D.
Only when the plant shows signs of disease or stress.
Question No. 21
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Why would an orchard site with an 18% land slope be considered unsuitable?
A.
It would lead to excessive water runoff and irrigation challenges.
B.
It exceeds the acceptable gradient for orchard establishment.
C.
It would result in significant soil erosion over time.
D.
It would hinder proper sunlight distribution to the trees.
Question No. 22
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To encourage early crop production, which direction of slope would be most advantageous for an orchard?
A.
Northern
B.
Eastern
C.
Southern
D.
Western
Question No. 23
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Which of the following fruit crops would be best suited for an orchard site with lower soil fertility?
A.
Citrus
B.
Grape
C.
Phalsa
D.
Mango
Question No. 24
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If a grower intends to establish a papaya orchard, what type of soil texture would be most ideal?
A.
Heavy clay
B.
Rich loamy soil
C.
Light texture
D.
Silty loam
Question No. 25
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What is a primary reason why the 'Center leader system' of training is not recommended for high-altitude regions?
A.
It promotes excessive branching that can become unmanageable.
B.
Such conditions make the system vulnerable to frost damage.
C.
High wind velocities prevalent in these areas make the system impractical.
D.
The system demands more labor for maintenance in mountainous terrains.
Question No. 26
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What is a key advantage of the 'Hexagonal or equilateral triangle system' for orchard planting?
A.
It allows for wider spacing between rows.
B.
It is the easiest system to lay out and implement.
C.
It permits the planting of a greater number of trees per unit area compared to the square system.
D.
It is primarily used for high-density planting of a single crop variety.
Question No. 27
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In the 'quincunx system' of orchard layout, how does the number of planted trees compare to the square method?
A.
About half the number of trees.
B.
Approximately the same number of trees.
C.
Nearly double the number of trees.
D.
Slightly more trees, but not quite double.
Question No. 28
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What is the main purpose of performing 'ringing' or 'girdling' in grape cultivation?
A.
To manage pest infestations effectively.
B.
To stimulate the development of robust root systems.
C.
To accelerate fruit production by concentrating carbohydrates in the upper plant parts.
D.
To rejuvenate older grapevines and improve their vigor.
Question No. 29
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For a farmer planning an orchard in a hilly region where uniform planting distances are difficult to maintain, which system would be most suitable?
A.
Square system
B.
Rectangular system
C.
Contour system
D.
Quincunx system
Question No. 30
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If a farmer intends to establish a high-density orchard for the Amrapali mango variety, which planting system would be most appropriate?
A.
Square system
B.
Rectangular system
C.
Hexagonal system
D.
Triangular system
Question No. 31
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Which commercial propagation method is typically used for Sapota?
A.
Air layering
B.
T-budding
C.
Inarching
D.
Suckers
Question No. 32
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What is the primary commercial propagation method for Pineapple?
A.
Seeds
B.
Suckers/Slips
C.
Runners
D.
Cuttings
Question No. 33
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What is the recommended propagation method for Date palm?
A.
Seeds
B.
Offshoot/sucker
C.
Air layering
D.
Hardwood cutting
Question No. 34
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For a commercial grape grower seeking a simple and cost-effective training system for a less vigorous cultivar, which option would be most suitable?
A.
Kniffin system
B.
Telephone system
C.
Head system
D.
Modified leadership system
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