Agro ecology; cropping pattern as indicators of environments.
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Question No. 1
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Which principle of agroecology is best demonstrated by the practice of intercropping legumes with cereals?
A.
Maximizing economic yield
B.
Enhancing nutrient cycling
C.
Minimizing labor input
D.
Simplifying farm management
Question No. 2
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A farmer in a drought-prone region cultivates pearl millet and moth bean together in the same field. This cropping pattern primarily indicates an adaptation to what environmental factor?
A.
High soil salinity
B.
Low and erratic rainfall
C.
Waterlogged soil conditions
D.
Severe frost
Question No. 3
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The term 'agroecology' emphasizes the application of ecological concepts and principles to the...
A.
Design and management of sustainable agroecosystems
B.
Maximization of agricultural exports
C.
Development of genetically modified organisms
D.
Industrialization of food processing
Question No. 4
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The widespread cultivation of a rice-wheat rotation in the Indo-Gangetic plains is an indicator of:
A.
High market demand for cash crops
B.
An environment with assured irrigation and deep alluvial soils
C.
Traditional rainfed agricultural practices
D.
Saline and alkaline soil conditions
Question No. 5
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What is the primary ecological benefit of practicing crop rotation?
A.
It guarantees a higher market price for all crops
B.
It allows for continuous cultivation of a single profitable crop
C.
It simplifies pest management by creating a stable environment for specialist pests
D.
It breaks the life cycles of pests and diseases specific to one crop
Question No. 6
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In agroecology, what does the term 'resilience' refer to?
A.
The ability of an agroecosystem to resist change and remain in the same state
B.
The total biomass produced by the agroecosystem per year
C.
The economic profitability of the farm in the short term
D.
The ability of an agroecosystem to recover from disturbances like droughts or pest outbreaks
Question No. 7
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The presence of 'alley cropping' or 'hedgerow intercropping' where rows of trees or shrubs are planted between rows of crops, is an indicator of a system designed to:
A.
Maximize water runoff
B.
Encourage wind speed
C.
Control soil erosion and improve nutrient cycling
D.
Facilitate mechanical harvesting
Question No. 8
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Which of the following is NOT a principle of agroecology?
A.
Biodiversity
B.
Nutrient recycling
C.
Dependence on external, high-energy inputs
D.
Synergy
Question No. 9
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Shifting cultivation (Jhum) in the hilly regions of Northeast India, in its traditional form, was an adaptation to:
A.
High population density and land scarcity
B.
Sloped terrain and the need to restore soil fertility naturally
C.
Permanent irrigation facilities
D.
Mechanized farming
Question No. 10
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A cropping pattern dominated by sugarcane cultivation is a strong indicator of an environment with:
A.
Low annual rainfall
B.
A long, frost-free growing season and high water availability
C.
Shallow, infertile soils
D.
High altitude and cool temperatures
Question No. 11
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What is 'polyculture' in the context of agroecology?
A.
Cultivating a single crop variety over a large area
B.
The cultivation of multiple crop species in the same space at the same time
C.
The practice of rotating between a crop and a fallow period
D.
The use of hydroponics to grow crops without soil
Question No. 12
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The presence of floating rice varieties in certain parts of Eastern India and Southeast Asia is an indicator of:
A.
Deep waterlogging or flood-prone conditions during the monsoon
B.
Highly saline coastal areas
C.
Extremely arid conditions
D.
Terraced hill slopes
Question No. 13
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An agroecosystem with high 'functional diversity' is likely to be:
A.
More susceptible to pest outbreaks
B.
More stable and resilient to disturbances
C.
Less productive than a monoculture
D.
Simpler to manage
Question No. 14
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Which cropping pattern is designed to minimize competition and maximize cooperation between component crops?
A.
Relay cropping
B.
Monoculture
C.
Companion planting
D.
Ratoon cropping
Question No. 15
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The cultivation of saffron in the Kashmir valley is an indicator of what specific environmental conditions?
A.
Tropical, humid climate
B.
Coastal saline soils
C.
Warm winters and heavy monsoon rains
D.
Cool, dry temperate climate with well-drained calcareous soils
Question No. 16
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What is the primary agroecological function of a 'cover crop'?
A.
To be the main cash crop for the season
B.
To protect the soil from erosion, suppress weeds, and improve soil health
C.
To provide shade for the primary crop
D.
To repel all insects from the farm
Question No. 17
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If a region's cropping pattern shifts from diverse millets and pulses to predominantly cash crops like cotton, it could indicate:
A.
An increase in farm-level biodiversity
B.
A shift towards subsistence farming
C.
Improved irrigation facilities and market integration
D.
A decrease in the use of chemical fertilizers
Question No. 18
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The 'push-pull' strategy in pest management, an agroecological approach, involves:
A.
Using chemical pesticides to 'push' pests away and pheromones to 'pull' them into traps
B.
Intercropping with a pest-repellent plant ('push') and planting a trap crop on the border ('pull')
C.
Physically pushing pests off plants and pulling weeds by hand
D.
Pushing for government subsidies and pulling in private investment
Question No. 19
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Why is a monoculture system considered less stable than a polyculture system from an agroecological perspective?
A.
It has lower genetic and species diversity, making it more vulnerable to pests and diseases
B.
It requires less machinery and is easier to manage
C.
It always produces a lower yield than a polyculture
D.
It enhances soil biodiversity
Question No. 20
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The practice of 'Zaid' cropping (growing crops in the summer season between Rabi and Kharif) in India is an indicator of:
A.
Regions with long, harsh winters
B.
Availability of short-duration crop varieties and irrigation
C.
Land left fallow for soil regeneration
D.
Deep-waterlogged areas
Question No. 21
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An agroecological analysis of a farming system would primarily focus on:
A.
The flow of energy and materials, biodiversity, and socioeconomic relationships
B.
Only the economic profit and loss statement of the farm
C.
The brand of tractor and equipment used
D.
The political affiliation of the farmer
Question No. 22
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Terrace cultivation on hill slopes is a cropping pattern that indicates an adaptation to:
A.
Control soil erosion and conserve water on steep gradients
B.
Create waterlogged conditions for rice
C.
Avoid frost damage by planting at different elevations
D.
Facilitate the use of large agricultural machinery
Question No. 23
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Which of the following represents a temporal intensification of a cropping pattern?
A.
Intercropping maize with beans
B.
Growing rice, then wheat, then moong bean on the same land in one year
C.
Alley cropping with Leucaena trees
D.
Shifting from local varieties to high-yielding varieties
Question No. 24
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The presence of agroforestry systems, where trees are integrated with crops and/or livestock, indicates a management strategy focused on:
A.
Maximizing short-term profit
B.
Simplification of the farm ecosystem
C.
Long-term productivity and ecological stability
D.
Complete mechanization
Question No. 25
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A farming system that relies heavily on recycling crop residues and animal manure for fertility management is following which agroecological principle?
A.
Economic diversification
B.
Social equity
C.
Closing nutrient loops
D.
Market integration
Question No. 26
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In the context of cropping patterns as environmental indicators, the 'Lethal Temperature' for a crop refers to:
A.
The optimal temperature for its growth
B.
The temperature below or above which a crop cannot survive
C.
The average temperature of the growing season
D.
The temperature required for germination
Question No. 27
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The dominance of plantation crops like tea and coffee in regions like the Western Ghats and Assam is an indicator of:
A.
Dry, arid climatic conditions
B.
Alkaline soil profile
C.
High altitude, high humidity, well-distributed rainfall, and acidic soils
D.
Flat plains with heavy clay soil
Question No. 28
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What is a 'ratoon crop'?
A.
A crop grown primarily for animal fodder
B.
The second crop grown from the stubble of the previous crop, like sugarcane
C.
A crop planted to attract pests away from the main crop
D.
A short-duration crop grown between two main seasons
Question No. 29
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From an agroecological viewpoint, what is a major disadvantage of the Green Revolution's focus on a few high-yielding varieties of rice and wheat?
A.
It increased the prices of food grains
B.
It led to a significant loss of indigenous crop genetic diversity
C.
It promoted the use of organic manure
D.
It decreased the overall food production
Question No. 30
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The cropping pattern in a particular region is a cumulative result of which set of factors?
A.
Only the decisions made by the central government
B.
Only the type of soil present
C.
Past and present decisions by farmers, environmental factors, and socio-economic factors
D.
The availability of a single fertilizer brand
Question No. 31
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Which term describes a system where different crops are grown in strips wide enough to permit independent cultivation but close enough for the crops to interact agronomically?
A.
Strip intercropping
B.
Relay cropping
C.
Ratoon cropping
D.
Monoculture
Question No. 32
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The cultivation of 'diara' land (riverbeds) during the dry season after floodwaters recede is a cropping pattern indicating:
A.
An adaptation to utilize residual moisture and fertile silt deposits
B.
A system for high-altitude farming
C.
A technique for farming in saline soils
D.
A response to permanent drought conditions
Question No. 33
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Why does agroecology promote biodiversity within the farm?
A.
To make the farm look aesthetically pleasing
B.
Because diverse systems are more resilient and provide ecosystem services like pollination and pest control
C.
To increase competition for resources among crops
D.
To make it easier for machine harvesting
Question No. 34
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A shift from a single rice crop to a rice-fish co-culture system in a flooded paddy field is an example of applying which agroecological principle?
A.
Maximizing competition
B.
Simplifying the system
C.
Increasing system synergy and diversification
D.
Increasing dependence on external inputs
Question No. 35
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The presence of salt-tolerant crop varieties like barley or sugar beet in a region's cropping pattern can be an indicator of:
A.
High rainfall and waterlogging
B.
Acidic soils
C.
Soil salinity or alkalinity problems
D.
Steep mountainous terrain
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