Agronomy Dryland and Resource Management
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Question No. 1
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What is the definition of dry land agriculture?
A.
Cultivation of crops under controlled greenhouse conditions.
B.
Cultivation of crops entirely under rainfed conditions.
C.
Cultivation of crops with supplemental irrigation.
D.
Cultivation of crops using high-tech irrigation systems.
Question No. 2
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Dry farming is practiced in areas with annual rainfall less than ______.
A.
800 mm
B.
750 mm
C.
1150 mm
D.
900 mm
Question No. 3
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Which practice is characterized by an alternate land use system due to prolonged dry spells?
A.
Dry farming
B.
Rainfed farming
C.
Dry land farming
D.
Irrigated farming
Question No. 4
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What is the major risk in dry farming?
A.
Pest infestation
B.
Excessive rainfall
C.
Crop failure due to prolonged dry spells
D.
Soil erosion
Question No. 5
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Dry farming is mainly practiced in which type of region?
A.
Humid regions
B.
Arid regions
C.
Subtropical regions
D.
Semi-arid regions
Question No. 6
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Which measure is typically used in dry farming to conserve soil moisture?
A.
Frequent irrigation
B.
Chemical mulching
C.
Advanced fertilization
D.
Moisture conservation practices
Question No. 7
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Dry land farming refers to cultivation in areas with annual rainfall between which limits?
A.
800 mm and 1200 mm
B.
750 mm and 1150 mm
C.
500 mm and 900 mm
D.
1150 mm and 1500 mm
Question No. 8
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In dry land farming, what is considered the key measure for successful cultivation?
A.
Increased pesticide application
B.
Soil moisture conservation measures
C.
Mechanized plowing
D.
Use of high-yield varieties
Question No. 9
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Which type of soil may require drainage facilities in dry land farming?
A.
Sandy soils
B.
Black soils
C.
Red soils
D.
Laterite soils
Question No. 10
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Rainfed farming is practiced in regions with annual rainfall of ______.
A.
750 mm to 1150 mm
B.
Less than 750 mm
C.
More than 1150 mm
D.
Less than 800 mm
Question No. 11
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Rainfed farming is predominantly practiced in which type of region?
A.
Sub-humid regions
B.
Arid regions
C.
Semi-arid regions
D.
Humid regions
Question No. 12
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According to the table, what is the rainfall criterion for dryland farming as a constituent?
A.
More than 1150 mm
B.
Between 750 mm and 1150 mm
C.
Less than 800 mm
D.
More than 800 mm
Question No. 13
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In terms of moisture availability to the crop, how does dryland farming differ from rainfed farming?
A.
Both have enough moisture availability.
B.
Dryland farming has moisture shortage (PET > P) while rainfed farming has sufficient moisture (PET < P).
C.
Both have moisture shortage.
D.
Dryland farming has sufficient moisture while rainfed farming faces a shortage.
Question No. 14
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What is the maximum growing season duration for dryland farming according to the table?
A.
More than 200 days
B.
Between 200 and 250 days
C.
Exactly 200 days
D.
Less than 200 days
Question No. 15
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What is the minimum growing season duration for rainfed farming as per the table?
A.
Greater than 200 days
B.
Exactly 200 days
C.
Between 150 and 200 days
D.
Less than 200 days
Question No. 16
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Which cropping system is typically associated with dryland farming?
A.
Intercropping
B.
Double cropping
C.
Single or mixed cropping
D.
Relay cropping
Question No. 17
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Which cropping system is generally associated with rainfed farming?
A.
Single cropping
B.
Double or intercropping
C.
Mixed cropping
D.
No cropping system
Question No. 18
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Which constraint is typically associated with dryland farming?
A.
Soil salinity
B.
Water erosion
C.
Wind erosion
D.
Pest infestation
Question No. 19
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Which constraint is typically associated with rainfed farming?
A.
Nutrient deficiency
B.
Water erosion
C.
Wind erosion
D.
Soil compaction
Question No. 20
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In what year was agro‐climatic regional planning initiated under the Seventh Five Year Plan?
A.
1992
B.
1985
C.
1988
D.
1990
Question No. 21
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Which organization initiated the agro‐climatic regional planning in India?
A.
ICAR
B.
NBSS&LUP
C.
Planning Commission
D.
NARP
Question No. 22
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Who heads the Planning Commission of India?
A.
The Agriculture Minister
B.
The Prime Minister
C.
The Finance Minister
D.
The Chief of Staff
Question No. 23
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According to the Planning Commission, into how many agro‐climatic zones has India been divided?
A.
15 agro‐climatic zones
B.
21 agro‐climatic zones
C.
8 agro‐climatic zones
D.
131 agro‐climatic zones
Question No. 24
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According to NARP/ICAR, into how many agro‐climatic zones is India divided?
A.
15 agro‐climatic zones
B.
21 agro‐climatic zones
C.
131 agro‐climatic zones
D.
8 agro‐climatic zones
Question No. 25
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Which region is referred to as the trans‐Gangetic plain zone?
A.
Gujarat and Maharashtra
B.
Kerala and Tamil Nadu
C.
Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Chandigarh, and Ganganagar district of Rajasthan
D.
Bihar and West Bengal
Question No. 26
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What are the distinguishing characteristics of the trans‐Gangetic plain zone?
A.
Primarily rainfed with low irrigation
B.
Lowest irrigated area and net sown area
C.
Highest cropping intensity and groundwater utilization
D.
Predominantly dryland with wind erosion issues
Question No. 27
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What is an agro‐ecological region?
A.
A division based on political boundaries
B.
A region with uniform crop types
C.
A land unit cut out of an agro‐climatic region when superimposed on landform and soil conditions
D.
A land unit defined solely by rainfall patterns
Question No. 28
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According to NBSS&LUP, into how many agro‐ecological zones is India divided?
A.
8 agro‐ecological zones
B.
131 agro‐ecological zones
C.
21 agro‐ecological zones
D.
15 agro‐ecological zones
Question No. 29
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According to ICAR, into how many agro‐ecological zones is India divided?
A.
15 agro‐ecological zones
B.
8 agro‐ecological zones
C.
21 agro‐ecological zones
D.
131 agro‐ecological zones
Question No. 30
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How is drought defined?
A.
When annual rainfall exceeds the normal by 25%
B.
When there is no rainfall for two consecutive years
C.
When annual rainfall is less than 75% of the normal
D.
When annual rainfall is more than 1150 mm
Question No. 31
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What defines severe drought?
A.
Deficiency of rainfall above 50% of the normal
B.
No rainfall in a season
C.
Deficiency of rainfall below 25% of the normal
D.
Deficiency of rainfall above 75% of the normal
Question No. 32
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What is the Moisture Availability Index (MAI) as described?
A.
The ratio of actual crop yield to rainfall
B.
The difference between rainfall and actual evapotranspiration
C.
The ratio of rainfall at a 50% probability level to potential evapotranspiration
D.
The percentage of annual rainfall retained in the soil
Question No. 33
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How is the Moisture Availability Index (MAI) calculated?
A.
By multiplying rainfall and potential evapotranspiration
B.
By subtracting potential evapotranspiration from rainfall
C.
By dividing rainfall at 50% probability by potential evapotranspiration
D.
By adding rainfall and potential evapotranspiration
Question No. 34
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For a dry farming operation in an arid region (annual rainfall <750 mm), which moisture conservation practice is most effective in reducing moisture loss?
A.
Mulching
B.
Drip irrigation
C.
Contour plowing
D.
Crop rotation
Question No. 35
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Compare the rainfall requirements of dry farming and dry land farming. Which statement is correct?
A.
Dry farming requires 750–1150 mm while dry land farming requires less than 750 mm.
B.
Dry farming requires less than 750 mm while dry land farming requires 750–1150 mm.
C.
Both systems require less than 750 mm of rainfall.
D.
Both systems require more than 1150 mm of rainfall.
Question No. 36
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What is the effect of a prolonged dry spell during the crop period in a dry farming system?
A.
Enhanced pest resistance
B.
Improved soil fertility
C.
Crop failure
D.
Increased crop yield
Question No. 37
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A field receives an annual rainfall of 800 mm. According to the classification, which type of farming does this region fall under?
A.
Dry farming
B.
Dry land farming
C.
Rainfed farming
D.
Irrigated farming
Question No. 38
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A farmer in a humid region with over 1150 mm of annual rainfall wishes to adopt a double cropping system. Which farming system does this represent?
A.
Dry farming
B.
Dry land farming
C.
Rainfed farming
D.
Intensive irrigated farming
Question No. 39
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How do agro-ecological regions differ from agro-climatic regions?
A.
They are based solely on rainfall distribution.
B.
They include overlaying landform and soil conditions.
C.
They ignore topographical variations.
D.
They are defined by political boundaries.
Question No. 40
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What is the likely consequence if a dry farming region does not implement moisture conservation practices?
A.
Improved crop yield
B.
Crop failure due to moisture deficit
C.
Enhanced water infiltration
D.
Increased pest resistance
Question No. 41
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In a region with 900 mm annual rainfall, which farming classification applies?
A.
Rainfed farming
B.
Dry land farming
C.
Dry farming
D.
Irrigated farming
Question No. 42
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Which factor is NOT used when classifying agro-climatic zones?
A.
Rainfall
B.
Soil type
C.
Crop yield
D.
Topography
Question No. 43
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How does the growing season differ between dryland and rainfed farming regions?
A.
Dryland farming has a longer growing season than rainfed farming.
B.
Both systems have identical growing seasons.
C.
Dryland farming has a growing season of less than 200 days while rainfed farming has one of more than 200 days.
D.
Rainfed farming has a shorter growing season than dryland farming.
Question No. 44
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What is a typical consequence of water erosion in rainfed farming systems?
A.
Enhanced water retention
B.
Reduced crop yield
C.
Increased soil fertility
D.
Improved soil structure
Question No. 45
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A farmer experiencing water erosion on his rainfed farm should consider which management practice?
A.
Constructing terraces and check dams
B.
Implementing dry farming techniques
C.
Increasing pesticide use
D.
Switching to monoculture
Question No. 46
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Which option best differentiates dry farming from rainfed farming in terms of rainfall and moisture availability?
A.
Dry farming is in areas with rainfall above 1150 mm; rainfed farming is below 750 mm.
B.
Dry farming occurs in arid regions with <750 mm rainfall and moisture shortages, whereas rainfed farming is in humid regions with >1150 mm rainfall and sufficient moisture.
C.
Both use identical rainfall ranges.
D.
Rainfed farming always uses supplemental irrigation, unlike dry farming.
Question No. 47
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What is the effect of insufficient drainage in black soils on dry land farming?
A.
Improved root growth
B.
Waterlogging and reduced crop performance
C.
Enhanced soil aeration
D.
Increased nutrient availability
Question No. 48
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If a drought is defined as annual rainfall being less than 75% of normal and the normal rainfall is 1000 mm, what is the maximum rainfall considered as drought?
A.
750 mm
B.
800 mm
C.
700 mm
D.
850 mm
Question No. 49
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A region's Moisture Availability Index (MAI) is calculated as 0.5. What does this indicate about the region's moisture conditions?
A.
High rainfall relative to evapotranspiration
B.
Low rainfall relative to potential evapotranspiration
C.
Balanced moisture availability
D.
Excessive moisture for crop growth
Question No. 50
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In comparing cropping systems, which statement accurately describes the systems used in dryland versus rainfed farming?
A.
Dryland farming employs double cropping; rainfed farming uses single cropping.
B.
Dryland farming utilizes single or mixed cropping, whereas rainfed farming often adopts double cropping or intercropping.
C.
Both systems use identical cropping patterns.
D.
Rainfed farming uses only monoculture.
Question No. 51
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How might repeated severe drought conditions influence agro-climatic regional planning?
A.
They would necessitate adjustments in planning for balanced growth.
B.
They would have no effect on regional planning.
C.
They would result in increased urbanization.
D.
They would lead to a reduction in irrigation infrastructure.
Question No. 52
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Calculate the Moisture Availability Index (MAI) for a region with 850 mm rainfall and 1700 mm potential evapotranspiration (PET).
A.
0.5
B.
1.0
C.
2.0
D.
0.25
Question No. 53
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A soil scientist assessing a dry farming area observes that the crops are under severe stress during the growing season. Which factor is most likely responsible?
A.
Excessive irrigation
B.
Prolonged dry spells without moisture conservation
C.
Overuse of fertilizers
D.
Excess rainfall causing waterlogging
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